A jaw coupling is a type of general purpose power transmission
coupling that also can be used in motion control (servo)
applications.
Jaw couplings are composed of three parts: two metallic hubs
and an elastomer insert called an element, but commonly referred
to as a "spider".
The elastomer of the spider can be made in different materials
and hardness, which allows the user to customize the coupling to
best serve their application.
Jaw couplings are considered "fail-safe" because, should the
elastomer fail or wear away, the jaw coupling hub teeth will
mate, much like teeth on two gears, and continue to transmit
torque.
Like other flexible couplings, jaw couplings are limited in the
shaft misalignment that they can accommodate. Too much axial
motion will cause the couplings to come apart, while too much
angular or parallel misalignment will result in bearing loads
that may lead to premature system wear or failure.
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